The location of the battle generally accepted by most present-day historians is at Edington, near Westbury in Wiltshire. Wessex therefore remained unconquered but was still the target for Viking incursions. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}511550N 020834W / 51.26389N 2.14278W / 51.26389; -2.14278. King Alfred Bishop Aldulf By May he was ready to attack again and encountered Guthrum's Danes at Edington, near Westbury on the Wiltshire downs. Thebattlewas fought in 878, when theWessex army, under KingAlfred,defeated the"Great Heathen Army"under theVikingkingGuthrum. The Viking siege under Rollo . Ivar then roared, proclaiming that he is Ivar the Boneless and passionately attempted to inspire his forces until a young Saxon soldier approached and stabbed Ivar repeatedly before retreating. By the 10th century, the Anglo-Saxon model of kingship seems to have been universally adopted by the Anglo-Danish leadership. Battle of Edington https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/edington-battle, "Edington, battle of This site may or may not be it. TheBattle of Edingtonwas fought in May 878, whenan army of West Saxons under King Alfred the Great defeated the Great Heathen Army under the Viking king Guthrum. A significant Iron Age hillfort near Edington is called, "Alfred the Great and The Battle of Edington", "Viking Tide: Alfred the Great during the Danish Invasions", Asser's Life of King Alfred: Asserius De Rebus Gestis lfredi, "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: An Electronic Edition (Vol 1) literary edition", "The Electronic Sawyer an online version of the revised edition of Sawyer's Anglo-Saxon Charters section one [S 1-1602]", "On the Barrow at Lanhill near Chippenham; and on the Battles of Cynuit and Ethandun", Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine. By the end of the 9th century, all of the Anglo-Danish rulers were minting coins too. [21] Many of the men in the counties around (Somerset, Wiltshire, and Hampshire) who had not already fled rallied to him there. The Oxford Companion to British History. Northampton, battle of It depicts the confrontation between the Vikings led by Ivar and King Harald and the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Wessex. We ascend the eighteenth-century 'Alfred's Tower', overlooking this ancient landscape, and then continue to the ancient Bratton Camp with its White Horse and stunning views, near the small Wiltshire village of Edington, to discuss the most likely site of the bloody battle of Ethandun, which saw Alfred's 878 victory. Ivar and Hvitserk's remaining soldiers surrendered to Alfred and were captured. BBC Radio 4 Archive Programme In Our Time: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Edington&oldid=1117190568, This page was last edited on 20 October 2022, at 11:27. But four months is around 120 days. The Tudor historian Polydore Vergil appears to have misread the ancient texts for the battle site as he places it at Abyndoniam (Abingdon) instead of Edington. (January 18, 2023). Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. [27], The location of the battle accepted by most present-day historians is at Edington, near Westbury in Wiltshire. However, the brothers managed to regain the confidence of the Kattegat civilians and Ivar convinced King Harald to attack Wessex and conquer England once and for all. Edington, Wiltshire, is known to have been part of Alfred's family estate. This is a fantastic bundle which includes everything you need to know about the Viking Invasion of British Isles across 26 in-depth pages. The location of the battle accepted by most present-day historians is at Edington, near Westbury in Wiltshire. He left a manor called Eandun to his wife in his will. At the Battle of Edington, an army of the kingdom of Wessex under Alfred the Great defeated the Great Heathen Army led by the Dane Guthrum on a date between 6 and 12 May 878, resulting in the Treaty of Wedmore later the same year. A Black Dane Army nearly attacked Wessex a few months after Harald's defeat but Ubbe convinced them to settle in East Anglia instead. UK Inventory of War Memorials. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output . Battle of Ethandun 878. The new king benefited from a lull in the onslaught until 876, when Danish attacks resumed in earnest. Previously, the Vikings had come to raid and settle around the coast; this force came to conquer. Alfred. These articles have not yet undergone the rigorous in-house editing or fact-checking and styling process to which most Britannica articles are customarily subjected. He overthrew the Pagans with great slaughter, and smiting the fugitives, he pursued them as far as the fortress.". The decisive victory of the Wessex levies forced Guthrum to . Although the battle was indecisive the Vikings suffered huge The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle does not mention the reason for this invasion, perhaps because Viking raids were fairly common during that period of time. Even if Alfred had caught up with the Danish force, it is unlikely that he could have accomplished anything. Fought on 14 October at what is now Battle (Sussex), where William the Conqueror ordered the construct, Battle of Northampton Location. The previous engagement has thinned both armies, but considerable numbers on either side were involved. Ivar soon caught up with his brother and told him not to fight anymore. In January 878, during the Christmas festival, Guthrum and his army of cavalry raiderssurprised Alfred at his royal estate at Chippenham, nearly ending Alfred there and then. The Great Heathen Army, which was formed to avenge the death of Ragnar Lothbrok, had smashed the Saxon army at the Battle of Repton and sacked Winchester. Their mission: defeat the Viking King Guthrum and his Great Heathen Army. Greswell, William Henry Parr 1848-1923 (Created by) Book Title: The Story Of The Battle Of Edington. The first we read of Alfred after the disaster at Chippenham is around Easter, when he built a fortress at Athelney. Revolt of Eoferwic (878). Whilst here I also recommend exiting the spring area on to the slopes of Luccombe Bottom itself. There had previously been conflicting accounts of the location of the clash, which took place in AD 937, varying from South Yorkshire to Scotland. Internal disunity was threatening to tear the Danes apart, and they needed time to reorganize. A charter records a meeting of the king's council at Eandun, although a later scribe has annotated the same document with Eandune. This post on the Battle of Ethandun is adapted from, and provides additional materials for, my book, King Alfred: A Man on the Move, available from Amazon and book shops. As the mele continued, Alfred had a vision of Jesus Christ, which convinced him that their God was with them. The event takes place in Season 6 Episode 20, The Last Act . Over four thousand warriors embarked in two hundred ships and sailed for England. 878 (June) . The Danes attacked Chippenham "in midwinter after Twelfth Night", probably during the night of 67 January 878. The Danes promptly slipped off to Exeter, even deeper into Alfred's kingdom, where they concluded in the autumn of 877 a "firm peace" with Alfred, under terms that entailed their leaving his kingdom and not returning. [19] After two weeks, the hungry Danes sued for peace, giving Alfred "preliminary hostages and solemn oaths that they would leave his kingdom immediately", just as usual, but in addition promising that Guthrum would be baptized. After two weeks, the hungry Danes sued for peace, giving Alfred "preliminary hostages and solemn oaths that they would leave his kingdom immediately", just as usual, but in addition promising that Guthrum would be baptized. This was about 29% of all the recorded Edington's in USA. Over the next few years this particular Danish faction had several encounters with Alfred's forces. The Battle at Edington was swift and decisive according to Asser, the great biographer and chronicler of Alfred's Life. [29][30], The reasoning to support the Eandun of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Ethandun of Asser's Life being Edington in Wiltshire is derived from a trail of information from ancient manuscripts. The Edington family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. For the first time in nearly 80 years, the land is in a fragile . Battle of Edington - Battle in Wiltshire at which Alfred the Great defeated a Danish army, forcing them to withdraw from Wessex into East Anglia Battle of Edington, 878 Home - Book Shop - Wars - Battles - Biographies - Timeline - Weapons - Blog - Full Index - Subjects - Concepts - Country - Documents - Pictures & Maps As a result, Guthrum and many of his leading . . The Viking Invasions of England. In the spring of 878, he summoned his West Saxon forces and marched to Edington, where he met the Danes, led by Guthrum, in battle. His army settled there, and he is not mentioned after 876, when "[the Danes] were engaged in ploughing and making a living for themselves". Their leader: Alfred the Great. In 885 Asser reports that the Viking army that had settled in East Anglia had broken in a most insolent manner the peace they had established with Alfred, although Guthrum is not mentioned. An engraving of Guthrum's baptism by James William Edmund Doyle, 1864 ( Wikimedia Commons ) But this wasn . The Battle of Edington (May 878) was a battle which took place near Edington in the county of Wiltshire in the south-west of England . It was said to have been under the leadership of the brothers Ivar the Boneless, Ubba, and Halfdan Ragnarsson. Edington, Wessex(Edington, Wiltshire, England) 865 to 1066. Alternatives to Edington, Wiltshire, have been suggested since early times. At the other end of the country, in the Kingdom of Northumbria, during 793 the holy island of Lindisfarne was raided..mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, "This year dire forwarnings came over the land of the Northhumbrians, and miserably terrified the people; these were excessive whirlwinds, and lightnings; and fiery dragons were seen flying in the air. The primary sources locate the battle at "Ethandun" or "Ethandune", and until a scholarly consensus identified its location with the present-day Edington in Wiltshire it was known as the Battle of Ethandun, a name . Ivar then decided to walk onto the battlefield flanked by his four bodyguards, but he suddenly broke a bone but urged his men to continue escorting him to the battlefield. and also Edington), enough to . pp. However, Alfred managed to contain this threat by reforming his military and setting up a system of fortified cities, known as burhs. Result: Saxon victory: Belligerents; Wessex: Danelaw: Commanders and leaders; Alfred the Great: Guthrum: Strength; 2,000-6,000 Guthrum was left overextended, and Alfred and his ealdormenbroke up the Danish supply lines and lines of communication. Find the perfect Battle Of Edington stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Campaign anno 878 Battle of Edington; anno 878 continued; Battle of Maldon; Lindisfarne 793; Overwintering; Raids 789 - 839; Raids 840 - 850; Raids 851 - 861; Raids 861 - 878; Viking Ring Fortresses. Halfdan went back to Northumbria and fought the Picts and the Strathclyde Welsh to secure his northern kingdom. There I found a lone sarsen stone in the valley. The Battle of Buttington was fought in 893 [a] between a Viking army and an alliance of Anglo-Saxons and Welsh. It was where Alfred the Great managed to defeat the Viking army and reclaim his kingdom. In May 878 in Edington, there was a greatest battle of this war. Edington is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 4 miles (6 km) east-northeast of Westbury.The village lies under the north slope of Salisbury Plain and the parish extends south onto the Plain. [11] In the spring of 878, he summoned his West Saxon forces and marched to Edington, where he met the Danes, led by Guthrum, in battle. Their mission: defeat the Viking King Guthrum and his Great Heathen Army. [53], Also in 879, according to Asser, another Viking army sailed up the River Thames and wintered at Fulham in Middlesex. The kingdom of Mercia was divided up, with part going to Alfred's Wessex and the other part to Guthrum's East Anglia. [9], By 878, the Danes held the east and northeast of England; their defeat at the Battle of Ashdown had paused but not halted their advance. Battle of Edington. Which Anglo-Saxon king stopped the Viking invasion of England at the Battle of Edington in 878 A.D.? Alfred seems at this time to have ineffectually chased the Danes around Wessex, while the Danes were in a position to do as they pleased. T. 19. In 968, another charter reported that King Edgar had granted land at Edyndon to Romsey Abbey. Guthrum was a Danish earl and one of the paramount leaders of the "Great Heathen Army". THIS STONE, PRESENTED BY F. SWANTON AND SONS, NORTH FARM, WEST OVERTON, IS A SARSEN STONE SIMILAR TO THOSE AT KINGSTON DEVERILL, THE AREA WHERE KING ALFRED RALLIED SAXON LEVIES FROM HAMPSHIRE, WILTSHIRE AND SOMERSET TO MARCH AGAINST GUTHRUM'S VIKING ARMY BASED AT CHIPPENHAM. Ivar had indeed chosen the place to fight, atop a hill, so that he could monitor every movement of the West Saxon Army. The Saxon army spent the night before the battle at Iley Oak, just to the south of Warminster, before moving out at dawn to meet Guthrum, who was occupying high ground at Edington, then known as Ethandun, near . Abraham Elliott Las Vegas, Three weeks after the battle, Guthrum was baptised at Aller in Somerset with Alfred as his sponsor. Heavy, 1,300 soldiers deathsSister AnnisBishop Aldulf TO COMMEMORATE THE BATTLE OF ETHANDUN FOUGHT IN THIS VICINITY MAY 878 AD WHEN KING ALFRED THE GREAT DEFEATED THE VIKING ARMY, GIVING BIRTH TO THE ENGLISH NATIONHOOD. After hearing of Guthrum's success, the Frisian Viking leader Ubbe Ragnarrsson led a fleet of 23 ships from South Wales to northern Devon near the fortress of Arx Cynuit, intending to corner Alfred in a pincer movement. Depicting scenes recorded using the strategy game A Total War Saga: THRONES OF BRITANNIA, the British studio Creative Assembly have made a short documentary charting the rise and fall of the Anglo Saxons, between Alfred the Great's victory over the Viking invaders at the battle of Edington, to King Harold's demise at the Battle of Hastings. 878: Alfred the Great defeated the remnants of the Great Heathen Army at the Battle of Edington. Alfred then called as many of the fyrdmen of Somerset, Wiltshire, and Hampshire as he could, and they assembled at Egbert's Stone over the course of three days. . A version of the Life, written in about 1000 and known as the Cotton Otho A.xii text, lasted until 1731, when it was destroyed in the fire at Ashburnham House. Alfred succeeded in forcing the Danes to withdraw to Mercia, but the reprieve was brief. In the 9th century, the Danes had been steadily invading England, pushing and prodding the Anglo-Saxon residents. [9] Guthrum, with two other unnamed kings, "departed for Cambridge in East Anglia". King Harald Ivar Hvitserk He made several attacks on Wessex, starting in 875, and in the last nearly captured Alfred in his winter fortress at Chippenham. [5] The annals do not report the size of the army, but modern estimates suggest between five hundred and a thousand men. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Battle between kingdom of Wessex and the Great Heathen Army in 878 Alfred spent Christmas at Chippenham (in Wessex), thirty miles (50km) from Gloucester . [58], After the defeat of Guthrum at the Battle of Edington, Alfred's reforms to military obligations in Wessex made it increasingly difficult for the Vikings to raid successfully. According to the Life: "Fighting ferociously, forming a dense shield-wall against the whole army of the Pagans, and striving long and bravelyat last he [Alfred] gained the victory. [51][56], In 886, the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum defined the boundaries of their two kingdoms. Most of the Norse forces then followed this ambush, which prompted Alfred to order his entire force to charge the Viking Army. Only the victory of Alfred the Great at Edington saved Anglo-Saxon independence. In the meantime, more information about the article and the author can be found by clicking on the authors name. [31] He left a manor called Eandun to his wife in his will. Battle of Edington - Battle in Wiltshire at which Alfred the Great defeated a Danish army, forcing them to withdraw from Wessex into East Anglia Battle of Edington, 878 Home - Book Shop - Wars - Battles - Biographies - Timeline - Weapons - Blog - Full Index - Subjects - Concepts - Country - Documents - Pictures & Maps The fact that his army could not defend the fortified Chippenham, even in "an age as yet untrained in siege warfare" casts great doubt on its ability to defeat the Danes in an open field, unaided by fortifications. In 968, another charter reported that King Edgar had granted land at Edyndon to Romsey Abbey. A map of the area around the battle positions Battle of Borodino summary. [51], In 885 Asser reports that the Viking army that had settled in East Anglia had broken in a most insolent manner the peace they had established with Alfred, although Guthrum is not mentioned. Viking expansion was the historical movement which led Norse explorers, traders and warriors, the latter known in modern scholarship as Vikings, to sail most of the North Atlantic, reaching south as far as North Africa and east as far as Russia, and through the Mediterranean as far as Constantinople and the Middle East, acting as looters, traders, colonists and mercenaries. They had reinforcements too. At the start of the year, the Vikings, led by Guthrum (one of many self-proclaimed Danish kings) broke previous terms of peace between him and Alfred and launched a surprise attack on Chippenham, where Alfred was staying over the winter. After the victory, when the Danes had taken refuge in the fortress, the West Saxons removed all food that the Danes might be able to capture in a sortie, and waited. 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